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Pre-service teacher education
Pre-service teacher education is the education and training provided to student teachers before they have undertaken any teaching.
== Requirements for acceptance to pre-service programs ==
Before entering into a pre-service education program, most students will have obtained a previous academic degree, either a general or honours, in a subject of their choice, (''e.g.'' English, math, science, religion). The alternative to this is that students may work simultaneously on an undergraduate bachelor's degree and a pre-service education program. The latter route incorporates education courses throughout the program's 4 or 5 years, and culminates in a final year of specific pre-service training. Students who complete a bachelor's degree before returning to a university to complete the pre-service education program are in a ''consecutive'' pre-service program, while students who complete their pre-service training at the same time as their undergraduate degree are in a ''concurrent" program.〔Van Nuland, S. (2011). Teacher education in Canada. Journal of Education for Teaching, Volume 37 (4). DOI: 10.1080/02607476.2011.611222〕
In the US, students are often required to take a test prior to acceptance into an accredited program, and/or upon graduation in order to earn certification. Commonly, the PRAXIS I or PRAXIS II are required for this purpose. Common topics include classroom management, lesson plans, and professional development. The province of Ontario briefly had a test prior to teachers being able to earn certification, but a stop was put to it by a change in government and strong opposition from the Ontario teacher union.〔Broad, K., Evans, M., Gambhir, R., & Gaskell, J. (2008). Characterizing initial teacher education in Canada: Themes and issues. Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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